Addictions and Compulsive Disorders:

Addictions and compulsive disorders can take many different forms. Some involve substances or rewarding behaviors, such as alcohol, drugs, opioids, pornography, gambling, gaming, food, or shopping, while others involve conditions such as Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), hoarding disorder, body dysmorphic disorder, trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder), and olfactory reference disorder. Although these experiences are not the same and should not be treated as if they have identical causes, many can involve a powerful cycle of triggers, uncomfortable thoughts or feelings, urges, repetitive behaviors, and temporary relief or escape. Over time, repeatedly depending upon a substance, ritual, behavior, or other response to relieve distress can make it harder to develop self-reliance and healthier ways of moving through fear, uncertainty, discomfort, and difficult moments in life.

This pathway explores both the similarities and important differences among addictions, compulsive behaviors, and compulsive disorders, recognizing that biological influences, learned patterns, emotional needs, reinforcement, trauma, anxiety, and other factors may play very different roles for different people. Rather than reducing every struggle to the same explanation, UNpsych encourages us to UNcover the particular cycle that is occurring, UNderstand what gives that cycle its power and what purpose the response has come to serve, UNlearn patterns that reinforce dependence on unhealthy or limiting responses, and Become increasingly capable of meeting difficult moments with healthier coping, greater self-trust, flexibility, and intentional choice.

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